Apparatus for the manufacture of illuminating-gas and coke.



No. 672,694. Patented Apr. 23, l90l.

E. n. BESEMFELDER. APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ILLUMINATING GAS AND GDKE.

(Application filed Sept. 28, X900.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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No. 672,694. Patented Apr. 23, I90l.

E. R. BESEMFELDER. A APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ILLUMINATING GAS AND COKE.

(Application filed Sept. 28, 1900.)

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UNITED STATES I PATENT OEEICE.

EDUARD R. BESEMFELDER, OF CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF lLLUMlNATiNG-GAS AND COKE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent N 0. 672,694, dated April 23, 1901.

Application filed September 28, 1900- Serial No. 31,410. (No model.)

minating-gas and coke; and the invention consists, for the purpose of producing an effective and economical apparatus of this kind,

in the combination of a series of connected superposed retorts, rotary conveyers therein, a conducting-tower having a rotary delivery mechanism for the glowing coke below its lower contracted end, means for connecting watergas generators with said delivery mechanism, and a coke-cooling chamber below said tower.

The invention consists, further, in certain other combinations of operative parts, which will be fully described hereinafter and finally claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical section through my improved apparatus, the water-gas generators, however, being omitted. Fig. 2 is a vertical section, on a larger scale, through a chamber for mixing the gases of combustion on line as 00, Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through said chamber on line y y, Fig. 2.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, 44 indicate two superposed connected retorts provided at the interior with suitable screw conveyors a and surrounded by heating-fines 19; Goal or other carbonaceous material is supplied to the series of retorts by hopper c. It undergoes distillationin the retorts and is discharged as glowing coke into the conducting-tower 8, the gas produced in the retorts passing out of the same by pipe 01. The funnel-shaped throat 11 of the tower or shaft 8 is so formed and arranged that the carbonaceous material dropping successively down over the inclined shelves 9 of said tower 8 is spread equally over the surface of the distributingcone 12. The latter is also funnel-shaped and retards thereby the down ward movement of the glowing coke, so that its proper distribution is secured.

In the side faces of the rotatable distributing-cone openings 12 of suitable size are provided, corresponding in number to the number of Water-gas generator working at one time, each generator being connected therewith by a conduit 20. A portion of the glowing coke passing from the tower goes by these conduits to the generators, while the rest of the coke passes down through the central opening 44 into the cooling-chamber 45, which latter has, preferably, a capacity for holding the material of about four hours work. This cooling-chamber is a shaft slightly contracted toward its lower end and opening into a discharge-pit 46. The latter is constructed, preferably, of iron and supports the cooling-chamber 45. The bottom of said discharge-pit has a central channel 47 filled with water, and from this channel an inclined rotary conveyer 48,having a perforated conveying-screw for allowing the return of the water, carries the cooled coke out of the apparatus. The speed of the conveyer is so regulated as to remove the cooled coke no faster than glowing coke is supplied into the chamber, so that the cooling-chamber is constantly filled with the downwardly-passing coke.

In the discharge-pit 46, having the manhole 49, a uniform height of water is maintained by pipe 50, which serves as both an inlet and discharge-pipe, and the overflow de vice 51. The hot coke falls into the water and is fully extinguished and cooled. As the apparatus is water sealed the steam produced by contact of the glowing coke with the Water must pass back through the glowing coke in the chamber, the steam being heated more and more by absorption of the heat from the glowing mass. The coke is thus progressively cooled as it descends and the generation of gas and ammonia from the coke is rendered very efficient. Owing to the entire exclusion of air, loss of carbon does not occur, nor loss of gas. The shaft of the coolingchamber is constructed of cast-iron or provided with a lining of refractory material, such as fire-brick. The lining of the coolingchamber may contain a spiral steam-pipe 52, leading from the lower to the upper end, the

steam superheated therein being required for thewater-gas generators. Loss of heat and oxidation of the cast-iron shell of the chamber is prevented by a covering 53 of any suitable poor conductor of heat, which is retained in place by a shell 54 of thin sheet metal. In this manner the walls of the coolingchamber are cooled and the heat of the coke utilized for producing superheated steam.

The waste gases obtained by the hot-blowing of the water-gas generators are utilized for the exterior heating ofthe retorts 4, be.- ing conducted from the water-gas generators, through dust-collectors 25, into tube 26, which is connected with the lower end of a mixingchamber, said chamber being arranged be-. tween the jacket 27 of the lowermost retort and said tube 26. Said chamber consists of an anterior chamber 55, receiving under pressure the hot waste gases through tube 26. From this chamber 55 the waste gases blow through injector-tubes 56 and corresponding concentric nozzles 57 into the main chamber 58, thereby sucking fresh air through the ring slots 59. From the tower 8 a small amount of the produced hot, gases or of gases from which the valuable by-products of the coke distillation have been already separated is introduced through an opening 60 into the second anterior chamber 61, said gases flowingoutinto the main mixing-chamber through holes 62 of caps 63, having deflecting-covers. The mixing and ignition of all these gases partly superheated are so arranged that the gases from the injectors 57 meet those from the holes 62 at right angles by reason of the deflecting covers or caps 63 and then pass through two fire-bridges 64 and 65, having a plurality of conducting holes and slots and arranged at right angles to each other, so as to effect the complete combustion of the firegases flowing from chamber 66 to the jacket 27 of the lowermost retort 4. A cone 67, arranged in front of said retort toward the firebridge 65, secures the required distribution of the heating-gases. By regulating the admission of the air at the ring-slots 59 the temperature of the heating-gases can be thus graded, so as to prevent an overheating of the retorts,. It is obvious that all parts im mediate] y in contact with the hot gasessuch as the chambers 55, 61, 58, and 66must be provided with a lining of suitable refractory material.

The water-gas generators may be of any Well-known type, alternately generating water-gas and waste gases, and it is not necessary to give a detailed description of the same.

The coke passing down into the coolingchamber carries with it about seventy per cent. of the whole nitrogen corresponding to its quantity of coal. This nitrogen was heretofore lost in producing coke. By this systematic treating with the steam from the cooling-bath, said steam becomingitself more and more heated by passing upwardly through the glowing coke and also cooling the downrotary conveyers therein, a conducting-towerhaving-a rotary delivery mechanism for the .glowing material below its lower contracted end, means for connectingwater-gas generacoke-cooling chamber below said tower, substantially as set forth.

2. In an apparatus for the continuouspro- :duction of illuminating-gas, the combination :of a series of connected superposed retorts, f rotary conveyers therein, a-conducting-tower, a rotary delivery mechanism beneath the same, chutes leading from the same to watergas generators, a coke-cooling chamber below said tower and connected with said delivery mechanism, a water-filled discharge-pit beneath said cooling-chamber, and means for carrying the cooled coke outof said dischargep it, substantially as set forth.

3. In an apparatus for the continuous production of illuminating-gas, the combination of a series of connected superposed retorts, rotary conveyers therein, a conducting-tower in connection with the lowermost retort, a

rotary-delivery mechanism below the lower. funnel-shaped end of said tower, chutes in connection with said mechanism for conducting the delivered coke to water-gas generators, a cooling-chamber below said mechanism and connected therewith and contracted toward its lower end, a water filled and sealed discharge-pit below said chamber, said pit having a central channel, and an inclined rotary conveyer mounted therein and having a perforated conveyer-screw allowing the return of the Water in carrying the cooled coke out of the discharge-pit, substantially as set forth.

4. In an apparatus for the continuous production of illuminating-gas, the combination of a series of connected superposed retorts, rotary conveyers therein, a conducting-tower in connection with the lowermost retort, a coke-cooling chamber below said tower, and a delivery mechanism between said tower and chamber, said delivery mechanism having an outer casing and an inner rotary distributingcone having in its side faces openings corresponding to chutes conducting to water-gas generators a portion of the coke passing from the tower, substantially as set forth.

5. In an apparatus for the continuous production of illuminating-gas, the combination of a series of connected superposed retorts, rotary conveyers in said retorts, exterior jackets surrounding said retorts, a tower connected with the lowermost retort, a rotary delivery mechanism at the lower end of said tower,

chutes for connecting the delivery mechanism with water gas generators, a coke-cooling chamber below said delivery mechanism and connected therewith, a gas-mixing chamber connected with the jacket of the lowermost retort, and fines for conducting the waste gases from said generators to the mixingchamber, substantially as set forth.

6. In an apparatus for the continuous pro duction of illuminating-gas, the combination EDUARD R. BESEMFELDER.

Witnesses:

LUDWIG WENGHUFFER, CLARA KOHN. 

